| ASPECTS OF REALITY AND THE MIND | ||
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Existence, space, nonlocality, time, self, God, cause, free will?????
We don't know, we can't know, and that's all there is to know! - or is it? IN THIS SECTION (click on headings which link to the relevant paragraphs): -
1. A TIME OF A MAJOR PARADIGM SHIFT? (Note mainstream comment :- Physics World, Nov. 1998, p 3) There is much interest these days in expanding the 'scientific paradigm', but a tendency among metaphysicians to grossly underestimate the effort required to do so! Anyone looking for a good starting point in the exploration of the boundary between science and metaphysics might like to look at two books by Willis Harman, the late President of the Institute of Noetic Sciences in the USA, who comes from a scientific background:- The Scientific exploration of Consciousness, 1994, A Re-examination of the Metaphysical Foundations of Modern Science, 1991. Obtainable from:- Institute of Noetic Sciences, 475 Gate Five Rd., Suite 300, Sausalito, California 94065, U.S.A. (top) 2. THE DIFFICULTY WITH METAPHYSICS Having spent ten years following my retirement delving into this area I have found it to be truly boggy ground, sorely in need of a well organised infrastructure. An organisation that specialises in harmonising religious and scientific approaches is the Templeton Foundation Templeton Foundation "John M Templeton is the legendry international financier who created the Templeton mutual fund and more recently devoted himself to the advancement -of one of humanity's most important disciplines - spirituality". A second one is the Scientific and Medical Network : - From its own WebPages: "The Network brings together an informal international group consisting of qualified scientists, doctors, and other professionals such as
architects, engineers, philosophers, psychologists and therapists. The Network
currently has over 2000 professional members and 800 associates in 53 countries".
The Templeton Foundation impacts upon academia in particular, and society in general,
whereas it seems to me that the SMN is more about debate and trying out new ideas in an
open and social atmosphere.
Here are some general impressions: - Metaphysics has a strong intrinsic appeal to many, because of the profound and absorbing questions that it addresses, but I suspect that newcomers to the subject will, like me, soon find that there are in existence far too many competing and incompatible models representing the nature of reality. Prioritising one's researches becomes a real problem. There is no coordinating body. Specialists advocating these many different models need to work together more and to make a determined effort to converge them, at least in some measure. Failing that, the same enigmas that ace metaphysics now, are likely persist for yet another millennium (or two!). Bland acceptance of the incompatibility of models, accompanied by such statements as 'the models don't matter as long as they work' is an affront to posterity! The scientific approach is to find ways to test models, or to put problems to one side until validation exercises are feasible and real progress can be made. Among metaphysicians I sense strong motivation but they appear to lack the unity of purpose that as is evident in the scientific community. There is clear need for stronger interaction, possibly with the establishment of working parties which aim to iron out specific differences between models and belief systems. Because of the profound nature of metaphysical questions, such working parties may well fail in the attempt, but they should nevertheless be able to make useful contributions. Attempts at reconciliation should result firstly in a clarification of the differences, and secondly in pinpointing what would be required to reconcile them. There needs to be a greater drive towards a unity, and less of a determination to build and maintain autonomous philosophies and belief systems. Succinct summaries of the various differences will help non-specialists to get a proper perspective of the issues in a reasonable time scale. They need to be expressed in terms that appeal generally to the enquiring population. Such summaries are much needed but either they are not available or I have been unable to find them. They would place people with enquiring minds in a better position to set their objectives and develop their own views. They would release them from wading though vast amounts of literature. The resultant time-saving would benefit the present and future generations, by giving them a better base from which to start exploring and perhaps identify new ways to approach the great mysteries. In frenetic modern life, time is at a premium, and it is incumbent on specialists in all walks of life to state what are the important implications of their fields, and to do so in terms which can be generally and quickly understood. (Insert, Sep 2003 - In various presentations in different media types, leading workers in various fields have recently given excellent popularized accounts of mysteries confronting us; e.g. the laws of quantum mechanics; cosmological forces and the mind-matter link. As I interpreted these presentations, they served only to emphasise the intractability of the problems. The average person can only be a spectator with respect to progress in these fields, and the prospects are that we will have to live with a great deal of uncertainty into the indefinite future.) Having formulated and agreed upon the key metaphysical questions, it should then be possible for specialists to judge when it is appropriate to allocate time for tackling particular issues. The time needs to be right if useful progress is to be made. For example, it would have been futile for pioneers of the telephone to try to build a version of the Internet. They could have dreamt of it, of course.
Many individual belief systems are associated with statements of their relevance to the individual and to society at large, but such statements appear to be lacking for the subject of metaphysics as a whole. The fragmentation of metaphysics makes it a particularly time-consuming subject to enter and this makes it virtually inaccessible to the many people who's free time is restricted by the demands of modern life. This factor must result in a very limited public awareness of the subject. The pace of life appears to be increasing, and there seems little prospect that time will be at less of a premium. in the future. Complacency about this fragmentation probably damages belief that metaphysics, as a general subject, is a worthwhile field to pursue. This criticism, drawn from personal experience, is meant to be constructive, for surely society would benefit by being more aware of the profound metaphysical questions; how far we have reached in understanding them; and what are the implications. Decisions on lifestyles should surely depend on our perceptions of the reality in which we live. The onus must be on specialists to co-ordinate their efforts, and to simplify the path to greater metaphysical awareness for the individual. ."IN NATURE’S INFINITE BOOK OF SECRECY JUST A LITTLE CAN I LEARN!" 3. CONSCIOUSNESS What an enigmatic and challenging subject! Explaining consciousness, or the nature of subjective experiences is attracting many powerful brains, including Nobel Laureates in science. The volume of information being published on the subject is truly daunting. (just try entering consciousness as a keyword in a search engine on the Internet!) Information overload is certainly a hazard in this area, although consciousness is not unique in that respect! The Journal of Consciousness Studies keeps readers in touch with current thinking, but it has a strong philosophical bias. See the abstracts of papers at the third Tucson conference for the latest material. This biennial meeting is now firmly established and attracts top names in the field. For those interested in the possible relationship between quantum mechanics and the mind there were some excellent discussions conducted for a period on a listserver. The discussions were archived. Search facilities are provided.
Click on the image for further discussion of consciousness, and hyperlinks to specialist sites.
(top) 4. ALTERNATIVE SCIENCE AND THE PARANORMAL "Experimental parapsychology has provided tantalising glimpses of a greater reality?" Will the paranormal of today remain paranormal, or will it become part of the mainstream science of tomorrow? There are some excellent introductions to the paranormal on the World Wide Web, and I include some URL’s below. These sites are selected because are produced by responsible scientists who have already made acknowledged mainstream contributions. Nevertheless, they are motivated to take a serious look at the challenges that repuedly paranormal anomalies pose. The URL’s lead to a variety of research investigations being conducted in different parts the world. (Note Dean Radin's excellent survey of practical investigations in his book:- "The Conscious Universe", Harper Edge, 1997) Useful introductory books on the subject are:- An Introduction to Parapsychology, by H. J. Irwin ISBN 0-89950-396-9 The reality of the Paranormal, by Arthur Ellison, (Retired Electrical Engineering Professor) ISBN 0-245-54474-7 A sense of Something Strange Archie Roy, (Professor of Astronomy) ISBN 1-872536-06-9 (top) 5. THE SPIRITUAL I leave comment of the World's great religions to others, but for a valuable summary of them, visit the BBC Web site BBC Religions page A distinction needs to be made between the spiritual and the paranormal even though they seem to operate together at times (e.g. miracles ). Paranormal events do not always appear to have spiritual significance (e.g. poltergeists). Mystical experiences are not necessarily accompanied by paranormal physical events. (e.g. visions) Despite the vast amount of literature available on the topic of spirituality, I have been surprised to how few references I can find to objective investigations into the nature of spirituality. Is it currently too difficult to define objective investigations? Is it considered too presumptuous to subject spirituality to rational analysis by those with humility and reverence for the spiritual world? Have I simply not found the right URL’s ? There are of course countless sites on the Web relating to other aspects of spirituality which can be readily be found using the popular search engines. (Some sites on spirituality do seem to have have a disconcerting habit of moving without leaving a forwarding address. I did maintain a list of recommended sites but on checking them after a time I have found that some of them had been usurped by other enterprises, selling New Age style goods for example, and sadly the inellectual content sadly disappeared. So much for the rich content of the Web! ) I leave you to conduct your own searches, with the powerful search engines that are available on the Web. 6. DIMENSIONS As a scientist I see no reason why physical reality should consist of only four dimensions: three of space and one of time. Note the excellent account of superstring theory by Brian Greene; The Elegant Universe; W. .W. Norton & Co.; 1999. Furthermore I see no reason to assume that reality consists of only 'physical' dimensions. Following on from that, I see no reason why consciousness should not exist as something separate from matter. The physical universe is way beyond our perception, particularly at the extremes of scale, and there seems no reason to assume that reality consists of a physical framework only. Dimensions of the physical world are discussed in the readable book:- Hyperspace, Prof. Michio Kaku, OUP, 1995, ISBN 0-19-286189-1
See also Max Tegmark's site at Princeton University, which includes an expanded version of his paper on the 'theory of everything' published in the New Scientist, and Matti Pitkanen's site, which summarises his development of a theory of reality over many years:- 7. REALITY MODEL Throwing caution to the winds and offering my concept for discussion! ( Go on then, e-mail me and tear it to pieces! :-) ) As stated above, theories of particle and cosmological physics involve more than the four dimensions of space time. The number is uncertain as a generally agreed model has yet to be developed. In my concept, the word "dimension" could be extended refer to things which are beyond the scope of current physical science. Emotions, for example, are experienced at different intensities, so it should be possible to assign "dimensions" to them.
We can distinguish between more than a million colours, yet all these colours can be described in terms of the intensities of three primaries. In a parallel way I think it possible that emotions could be described in terms of a few primaries. I am using the visual analogy purely to illustrate how a vast range of subtle qualities can arise from just a few primaries. The analogy should not be taken too far, because the three colour primaries result from physical processes in the human eye, whereas I am suggesting that there are primary properties of reality itself. The definition of colour in terms of spectral content is one thing. The definition of colour in terms of experience, e.g. the emotions that abstract paintings can evoke, is quite another. Studies by various authors, in the catgory 'Art and the Brain' have been published in:- Journal of Consciousness Studies, Vol. 6; 1999 Journal of Consciousness Studies, Vol. 6; 1999 For a penetrating look at the (possible?) relationship between art and science, see Strange and Charmed, Sian Ede, calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, 2000
I venture a few thoughts on the subject illustrating them using conceptual diagrams. In no way are they intended to compete with concepts the masters of the field but they are intended to offer a relatively speedy familiarity with some of the big questions. Conceptual diagrams of reality model See also the page 'Holographic Concept' which provides links to corresponding sites. 8. A PRACTICAL LOOK AT TELEPATHY AND REMOTE VIEWING Here's a novel investigation for a retired industrial physicist, but it is perhaps incumbent on would-be explorers on metaphysics try to gain first-hand experience! Having said that, it may be inadvisable to dwell too long on any particular topic without good reason. Some of the issues seem beyond the scope of research by an individual, or even seem totally intractable at this point in time.
Early in my venture into the world of metaphysics, I attempted transatlantic telepathic communication with metaphysician, Dr. Helen Stewart who has a PhD in psychology, and who claimed to have possessed psychic abilities since childhood. I suspect this is an very unusual pairing of qualifications. Contact resulted from participation in a discussion group on the Web. We reasoned that if mind is nonlocal, and subtle nonlocal connections can occur between minds, then spatial separation should be unimportant. After all non-locality is an established and generally accepted feature of quantum mechanics. Helen lives in the USA and I'm in the UK so we decided to put conjecture to the test and to conduct some experiments across the Atlantic. They were meant to satisfy our own curiosities. We were aware that they would not produce solid scientific evidence, but despite that, our observations were carefully timed and recorded. Anyone seeking objective evidence for telepathy may like to refer to research investigations such as those conducted at Edinburgh University. We aimed to gain first-hand experience to satisfy natural curiosity, and took a different approach to academic establishments researching the subject. For one thing, we suspected that strict observance of scientific protocols used by these establishments might well be a distraction, and act as an inhibiting factor to telepathy. A very relaxed frame of mind seems to be important. At pre-determined, precise (to the second) time intervals we relaxed in a quiet environment and maintained complete freedom of choice about which objects (or emotions) to focus on during these time intervals. We made choices impulsively, and did not draw random samples from a small set of photographs for example. To read about academic studies of telepathy visit:- A report of a recent objective study of telepathy with numerous participants was published by:- Dalkest & Westerland; Journal of Scientific Exploration; Vol. 12; No 4; 1998 pp 583-605 The Society of Scientific Exploration publishing the Journal has a Web site:- Our investigations were inconclusive but on balance they did appear to confirm that telepathic communication can occur, but only spasmodically. It cannot be relied upon to work, and when it does, the transfer of information is very degraded. Moreover, it seemed that sometimes subconscious observations were picked up rather than observations that were the focus of the sender's attention. For example with the sender looking at a field of sheep, the description of the scene given by the recipient appeared to a good fit of the row of houses immediately behind the field! For us, visual communication (clairvoyance) seemed to occur much more readily than communication of emotion (clairsentience ) or of sounds (clairaudience).
Don’t take my word for it. If the subject interest you, arrange your own investigations, but don't expect to put the telephone companies out of business: the information flow appears to be very degraded! If you are going to play the game be more relaxed about cause and effect, so paramount to science. I would look forward exchanging accounts with other investigators. We kept detailed records, including accurate dates and times. We also ran a series of investigations of remote viewing, although I would comment that it is sometimes difficult to distinguish remote viewing from telepathy. We produced reports of our findings for interested friends, but made no attempt to publish them. We are no longer active. There seemed little point attempting to go beyond natural curiosity without a formal link to funded and objective investigations in well equipped university departments. As the number of scientific publications reporting non-local events mounts it is interesting to conjecture whether telepathy and quantum non-locality are related, and whether mainstream scientific investigations of the subject may not be too far away. 9. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE In the telepathy studies, we used a set procedure that was suggested by Prof. Peter Stewart, a qualified physicist who had researched telepathy for some years. He is hoping that others will investigate telepathy using this set procedure. A set procedure is useful for those who are unsure (as I was) of how to attempt telepathic communication in the first place. A number of benefits follow the use of a set procedure: For example, if independent teams conduct investigations of telepathic communication, and subsequently pool their observations, it would be simpler to compare and analyse them. Conclusions drawn from observations in a number of independent studies may earn more attention from others, who may be concerns about subjective effects for example. We did consider having our studies witnessed. Observations recorded by independent witnesses should be more convincing to others. (witnesses were used in major trials of remote viewing in the USA, see below) but witnesses may be a distraction and adversely affect the success rate, that seems at its highest for a mind that is quiet and undisturbed. Our observations will be made available for anyone who is genuinely interested. (top) 10. REMOTE VIEWING Attempts at remote viewing can be equally fascinating. It requires more time and dedication than we could provide in order to become proficient, and more than likely it also requires innate ability, just as does playing a piano. See sites on remote viewing by experts Lyn Buchanan, Palyne Gaenir, Dr. Ed May and Joe McMoneagle 11. CHANNELLED MATERIAL One wide-ranging examination of the nature of reality and of varieties of human experience is contained in the seven books of 'channeled' material by Jane Roberts. Her 'discarnate source' was named ‘Seth’. I was introduced to this material after retirement. As an industrial scientist I had not anticipated reading such books, but once sampled, I was drawn into them. One may need to make allowances for difficulties with a very unusual type of 'communication' and with limits to the uses of metaphors. I come to no conclusion about the validity of the material, but that's not the point! I found the novel concepts a valuable aid to my thinking process because they dealt with important questions, they were provocative and the ideas were not easy to dismiss. Such material seems to me to be a good example of what metaphysics should be about: that is, it challenges the mainstream to examine alternative models from a new perspective. I would welcome comments from others who have read the books. I would add that they do not deal with trivial messages from the departed, but many of profound matters that affect our lives. For example in the field of physics; whether time and space are continuous or discontinuous on the small (Planck?) scale; whether superluminal particles (e.g. tachyons) exist; the levels of reality, and the mind matter link that remains so enigmatic to quantum scientists. There is a resemblance between Seth's concept of 'conscious units' and 'monads', described by Paul Marshall:- Transforming the World Into Experience; Journal of Consciousness Studies, 8, No. 1, 2001, pp. 59-76 There is good introductory material and a discussion group at: - http://www.newworldview.com/ and a list of definitions of the terms used at: -
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